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L-Glutathione is a powerful antioxidant comprised of amino acids cysteine, glycine, and glutamic acid. Glutathione has many functions. It is vital to mitochondrial function and necessary to produce DNA. Its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier means it plays an important role in removing toxins, such as mercury, from the brain and other cells. It is key in supporting immune function, metabolism, forming sperm cells, tissue building and repair, and helping with certain enzyme functions. As a powerful antioxidant, it may help fight the effects of free radicals, which cause oxidative stress, damage healthy cells, and contribute to aging and certain degenerative illnesses.

Ascorbic acid, also known as vitamin C, is an antioxidant that plays an important role in the body: it protects the body’s cells from damage. It is also necessary to maintain the health of skin, teeth, bone, cartilage, and blood vessels. Studies have shown that it may help brain function in people with cognitive impairments such as Alzheimer’s disease and dementia. Without the proper amount of ascorbic acid, people are at risk for cardiovascular illness, compromised immune systems, premature aging, increased stress response, and low energy. Ascorbic acid is found in foods such as citrus fruits, kiwi, broccoli, tomatoes, leafy vegetables, potatoes, brussel sprouts, raw bell peppers, and strawberries.

Cyanocobalamin is a man-made form of vitamin B12. It is used to prevent and treat low blood levels of this vitamin. Vitamin B12 helps to utilize fats and carbohydrates for energy and make new proteins. Vitamin B12 is important in the maintenance of our metabolism, blood cells, and nerve function. Certain health conditions such as intestinal or stomach problems, poor nutrition, cancer, HIV, pregnancy, old age, veganism, and alcoholism can cause vitamin B12 deficiency. Low levels of vitamin B12 can lead to fatigue and anemia in milder cases. More serous B12 deficiencies have the potential to impair heart and neurological function, leading to a wide range of serous symptoms, including but not limited to tinnitus, severe joint pain, memory problems, depression, anxiety, poor muscle function, ataxia, and changes in reflexes. Infertility can also occur in individuals with insufficient B12. Early intervention and treatment of B12 deficiencies are key to maintaining healthy bodily function.

They play a major role in the chemical process of generating energy. NAD+ is probably the most important co-factor for improving mitochondrial function. Mitochondria are intracellular organelles (a.k.a. “energy powerhouses”) where macronutrients (proteins, carbohydrates, and fats from food) are converted to energy-rich ATP molecules for the cell. NAD helps the liver break down fats that are essential to provide energy for the body. It also helps create ATP, which is a major source of energy for cells. Boosting NAD+ may help manage a wide spectrum of diseases, ranging from diabetes to cancer. When NAD+ is given by IV (intravenous), some research has shown it can improve mental clarity, alertness, concentration, and memory. Moreover, NAD+ infusions may improve athletic endurance and reverse the symptoms of chronic fatigue.

Biotin, also known as B7, is a water-soluble vitamin found in foods such as eggs, milk, and bananas. This vitamin is important for overall health, and plays a role in cell growth, carbohydrate metabolism, and fatty acid synthesis. Biotin is involved in a wide range of metabolic processes primarily related to the utilization of fats, carbohydrates, and amino acids. It also influences cell growth and may help in maintaining blood sugar levels. Biotin is commonly supplemented for multiple conditions, such as hair loss, brittle nails, and nerve damage. Biotin is also thought to reduce inflammation, improve cognitive function, and increase HDL (good) cholesterol and decrease LDL (bad) cholesterol.

Methylcobalamin is the active form of Vitamin B12. Vitamin B12 helps to utilize fats and carbohydrates for energy and make new proteins. Vitamin B12 is important in the maintenance of our metabolism, blood cells, and nerve function. Most people get enough vitamin B12 in their diet, but some need supplementation.

Amino acids are the natural compounds that are used as building blocks by the body to create proteins. Amino acids, and the proteins that are made from them, are crucial to helping the body break down food, repair body tissue, grow, and perform many other bodily functions. They are found in foods such as meats, fish, and soybeans. Some people also use amino acid supplements to boost athletic performance or improve their mood. Amino acids are categorized into three groups: essential, nonessential, and conditional.

Essential amino acids cannot be made within the body and must come from external sources, such as diet or supplements.

Nonessential amino acids are produced within the body, and conditional amino acids are usually produced within the body.

During periods of stress, illness, or injury the body may not be able to create enough of these, and they become essential amino acids that require external supplementation.